Backgammon glossary · E

EPC

Effective pip count — the raw pip count plus expected wastage; the standard measure in bear-off positions.

How it works in play

Effective pip count adds the pips you can expect to waste to your raw count, so a bear-off with a tall stack on the 1-point counts as longer than its pips suggest. Comparing effective counts gives sharper race cube decisions than comparing raw counts.

  • Pip count — The total pips all your checkers still need to travel to bear off. Both sides start at 167.
  • Wastage — Pips lost to inefficiency in the bear-off — rolling a 6 when only a 1 was needed.
  • Keith count — A pip-count adjustment that accounts for checker distribution before race cube decisions.
  • Late race — A race position with most checkers in or near the home board.

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